国际妇产科学杂志

国际妇产科学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (4): 361-366.doi: 10.12280/gjfckx.20260059

• 妇科肿瘤研究:综述 •    下一篇

m6A去甲基化酶ALKBH5在妇科肿瘤中的研究进展

丁月, 刘毓, 张秀霞, 李红丽, 刘畅()   

  1. 730000 兰州大学第一临床医学院（丁月，张秀霞）;兰州大学第一医院生殖医学中心（刘毓），妇产科（刘畅），甘肃省妇科肿瘤临床医学研究中心 （李红丽，刘畅）
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-23 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘畅 E-mail:lch@lzu.edu.cn

Research Progress on m6A Demethylase ALKBH5 in Gynecological Tumors

DING Yue, LIU Yu, ZHANG Xiu-xia, LI Hong-li, LIU Chang()   

  1. The First School of Clinical Medicine of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China (DING Yue, ZHANG Xiu-xia);Reproductive Medicine Center (LIU Yu), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (LIU Chang), Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Gynecological Oncology (LI Hong-li, LIU Chang), The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2026-01-23 Published:2026-08-15 Online:2026-08-25
  • Contact: LIU Chang E-mail:lch@lzu.edu.cn

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摘要：

宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌是导致女性死亡的重要病因，其发病率逐年升高且年轻化，现有治疗方案如手术、放化疗、分子靶向治疗等可使部分患者病情得到改善，但复发或转移患者预后仍较差，亟需挖掘新靶点。N6-甲基腺苷（N6-methyladenosine，m6A）修饰是真核生物中最常见且核心的RNA转录后修饰，AlkB同源物5（AlkB homolog 5，ALKBH5）作为m6A去甲基化酶，可通过调控RNA的转录、降解及翻译，参与细胞周期、上皮-间质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition，EMT）、免疫微环境重塑等关键生物学过程，在宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌的增殖、侵袭、转移、耐药等过程中发挥重要作用。综述ALKBH5在三大妇科恶性肿瘤中的表达特征及其核心调控机制，旨在为深入理解妇科恶性肿瘤的发病机制及探索潜在诊疗靶点提供理论参考。

关键词: 宫颈肿瘤, 卵巢肿瘤, 子宫内膜肿瘤, 癌, 分子靶向治疗, ALKBH5, m6A修饰

Abstract:

Cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer, are major causes of female mortality, with their incidence increasing annually and affecting younger populations. Current treatment modalities such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy can improve outcomes for some patients. However, the prognosis for those with recurrence or metastasis remains poor, highlighting an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most prevalent and central post-transcriptional RNA modification in eukaryotes. AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5), functioning as an m6A demethylase, regulates RNA transcription, degradation, and translation, thereby participating in key biological processes including the cell cycle, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and remodeling of the immune microenvironment. It plays a significant role in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and ovarian cancer. This review summarizes the expression characteristics and core regulatory mechanisms of ALKBH5 in these three major gynecological malignancies, aiming to provide a theoretical reference for a deeper understanding of their pathogenesis and the exploration of potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.

Key words: Uterine cervical neoplasms, Ovarian neoplasms, Endometrial neoplasms, Carcinoma, Molecular targeted therapy, ALKBH5, m6A modification