国际妇产科学杂志

国际妇产科学杂志 ›› 2016, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5): 547-551.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

宫内环境变化对子代大脑海马发育影响的分子机制

孙乐，倪云翔，丁之德   

  1. 200025 上海交通大学医学院临床医学系2012级临床五年制英文班（孙乐）；上海交通大学医学院附属同仁医院妇产科（倪云翔）；上海交通大学医学院解剖学与组织胚胎学系（丁之德）
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2016-10-15 发布日期:2016-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 丁之德

The Epigenetic Influence of Intrauterine Environment Changes on Offspring′s Hippocampal Development

SUN Le, NI Yun-xiang, DING Zhi-de   

  1. Department of Clinical Medicine，Grade 2012 （English Program），School of Medicine，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200025，China（SUN Le）；Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics，Tong Ren Hospital，School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200336, China (NI Yun-xiang)；Department of Anatomy，Histology and Embryology，School of Medicine，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200025，China （DING Zhi-de）
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2016-10-15 Online:2016-10-15
  • Contact: DING Zhi-de

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被引次数

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摘要： 海马是执行大脑认知、记忆等高级神经活动的重要区域，其结构与功能的改变与多种行为学异常和神经精神疾病的发生密切相关。海马的发育受到基因与环境的共同影响，其中胚胎期各种母体和外界环境因素引起的宫内环境变化均可对胎儿及出生后新生儿的海马组织结构与功能产生不可忽视的作用，其分子机制包括影响脑源性神经营养因子（brain-derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF）、糖皮质激素受体（glucocorticoid receptor，GR）、胰岛素样生长因子1（insulin-like growth factor 1，IGF-1）、IGF-2等与海马代谢和神经发育相关基因的表达水平和信号转导的改变等。现主要从产前应激（prenatal stress, PS）、母体慢性疾病和子宫胎盘功能不全等各种孕期宫内环境改变对胎儿神经系统，尤其是对海马结构和功能的影响及分子机制进行综述。

关键词: 子宫, 宫内环境, 海马, 胚胎发育, 遗传学，医学, 表观遗传学, 基因表达, 脑源性神经营养因子

Abstract: Hippocampus is a remarkable brain structure playing important roles in advanced neuronal activities including cognitive function and memory, of which the structural and functional alterations are closely associated with behavioral abnormalities, neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders. Hippocampal development is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, among which changes of the intrauterine environment from the maternal and external factors exert huge influences on the structure and function of both fetal and infant hippocampus. The molecular mechanisms include variations in the expression levels of genes associated with hippocampal metabolism and neurogenesis such as BDNF, GR, IGF-1 and IGF-2, as well as alterations of signaling transduction in the hippocampus. This review attempts to summarize the changes of structure and function as well as the molecular mechanisms in fetal nervous system, especially in the hippocampus induced by the alterations of intrauterine environment such as prenatal stress, maternal chronic diseases and uteroplacental insufficiency during pregnancy.

Key words: Uterus, Intrauterine environment, Hippocampus, Embryonic development, Genetics, medical, Epigenetics, Gene expression