Abstract: Adenomyosis is a benign gynecological disease with proliferative, invasive and metastatic ability. It is more common in women aged 40-50 years old. It often causes menorrhagia, progressive dysmenorrhea and infertility, which greatly affects women′s physical and mental health. Domestic and foreign literature reports that the pathogenesis of adenomyosis may be related to estrogen, tissue injury and repair mechanisms, genetics and immunity. However, because its specific pathogenesis has not yet been elucidated, effective prevention and treatment of the disease has always been a difficult problem for gynecologists. In recent years, it has been found that the abnormal expression of immune cells and immune factors in patients with this disease may be closely related to the onset and progression of adenomyosis. For example, abnormal elevation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induces the activation of endometrial inflammation, increased expression of IL-6 enhances the proliferation and invasion of the endometrium, abnormal expression of IL-10 leads to dysregulation of normal immunosuppressive function in patients with adenomyosis. IL-18, IL-8 and TNF-α are also involved in the inflammatory response of the endometrium, and thus adenomyosis is gradually considered to be a chronic inflammatory disease. Therefore, this paper reviews the research progress of the role of inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis in recent years, aiming to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of adenomyosis.

Key words: Adenomyosis, Immunologic factors, Interleukins, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha