Abstract: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, which is more common in women during the reproductive period. Pregnancy can induce or aggravate the disease. Moreover, the second trimester is a risk period for onset and recurrence of NMOSD, which may be closely related to humoral immunity. Listeria is a foodborne disease. The incidence of Listeria in pregnant women is much higher than that in normal women. Although the incidence is low in the second trimester, due to hypoimmunity, the risk of Listeria is increased, leading to miscarriage. The clinical data of Listeria infection with NMOSD during pregnancy were retrospectively analyzed to analyze its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis, so as to deepen the understanding of the disease and improve the level of diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Pregnant women;, Neuromyelitis optica, Listeriosis;, Abortion;, Pregnancy trimester, second