人工智能对妇产科学的挑战和推动

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20240799

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着人工智能（artificial intelligence，AI）在医学领域的快速发展，AI技术在妇产科的应用日益增多。本文综述了近十年来AI在妇产科领域中的应用进展，涉及妇科学、产科学、生殖医学、手术学、教学及科研创新等多个方面。AI技术在妇科肿瘤的筛查和诊断、治疗反应评估、患者护理、医疗大数据管理等领域取得了显著成就，且在妇产科疾病诊断方面应用逐渐增多。主要功能包括图像识别和分析、数据挖掘、基因组学和代谢组学研究、实验室评估。将AI融入妇产科学教育体系，有助于提升教学效率，改善学习体验。AI辅助下的腔镜技能操作、手术室管理等，为妇产科手术技能的精进与临床实践的深化开辟了新路径。然而，AI的广泛应用也带来了挑战，如数据集的偏倚和多变性、患者的隐私保护、机器学习模型的透明度以及可能对医学本源的淡化。为了应对这些挑战，需要完善AI监管政策，推动多学科合作，并构建大规模的数据集。通过这些策略，可以期待AI技术在妇产科学中发挥更大的潜力，为患者提供更高质量的医疗服务。

关键词: 人工智能, 深度学习, 妇产科学, 人文关怀, 医患沟通

Abstract:

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medicine field, the application of AI in obstetrics and gynecology is increasing. This review summarizes the progress in the application of AI in obstetrics and gynecology in the past decade, covering gynecology, obstetrics, reproductive medicine, surgery, education and research innovation. AI technology has achieved remarkable achievements in the fields of screening and diagnosis of gynecological tumors, treatment response assessment, patient care, and medical big data management, with its applications gradually expanding in diagnosing obstetric and gynecological diseases. The primary functions encompass image recognition and analysis, data mining, genomics and metabolomics research, and laboratory evaluations. Integrating AI into the obstetrics and gynecology education system can help enhance teaching efficiency and learning experience. AI-assisted laparoscopic skills training and operating room management have opened up new avenues for advancing surgical skills and deepening of clinical practice in obstetrics and gynecology. However, the extensive adoption of AI has also brought challenges, such as the bias and variability of datasets, privacy protection of patient, the transparency of machine learning models, and the potential dilution of traditional medical knowledge. To address these challenges, it is necessary to improve AI regulatory policies, promote multidisciplinary collaboration, and build large-scale datasets. Through these strategies, AI technology can be expected to fulfil greater potential in obstetrics and gynecology and provide higher quality medical services to patients.

Key words: Artificial intelligence, Deep learning, Obstetrics and gynecology, Humanistic care, Doctor-patient communication

高宇, 郎景和, 李雷. 人工智能对妇产科学的挑战和推动[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2024, 51(6): 601-606.

GAO Yu, LANG Jing-he, LI Lei. The Challenges and Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Obstetrics and Gynecology[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2024, 51(6): 601-606.

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