关键词: 卵巢甲状腺肿, 突变, 甲状腺球蛋白, 诊断, 治疗

Abstract: Struma ovarii is a highly specific and single endoderm differentiated mature teratoma and is composed predominantly of thyroid tissue. Malignant transformation of benign monodermal teratoma is a rare presentation of struma ovarii, reported that the rate is about 0.5%-5%. It is believed that malignant struma ovarii（MSO） has similar molecular mechanism such as BRAF, RAS mutation and RET/PCT rearrangements with the malignant tumors originating in the thyroid. Because of its clinical rare，currently there is still a lack of clear diagnostic criteria and principles of management. Some cancer experts advocated the use of primary thyroid carcinoma pathological criteria as the diagnostic basis of MSO. Complete surgical staging and adjuvant therapy such as total thyroidectomy, or thyroxine suppression, radioactive iodine ablation and external radiotherapy should be considered when the MSO has been diagnosed. It is observed that patients with MSO have an excellent disease-specific survival rate，postoperative adjuvant therapy can significantly improve the efficacy. Long-term follow-up after surgery were needed, thyroglobulin and total body 131I scan are useful as tumor marker for detection of metastases or tumor recurrence.

Key words: Struma ovarii, Mutation, Thyroglobulin, Diagnosis, Therapy