Abstract: The technique of high-resolution anoscopy was to apply colposcopy to the anal canal and perianal region. Presently，it is an effective way to diagnose anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal cancer. The diagnosis results of high-resolution anoscopy of anal diseases are correct and reliable，having the advantage of high sensitivity，especially for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. High-resolution anoscopy technique has a significant value of clinic application in screening anal intraepithelial neoplasia and reducing the incidence of anal cancer. However，false positive and misdiagnosis are also existed in high-resolution anoscopy technique. Now，refering to related foreign literature，the clinic application of high-resolution anoscopy technique in recent years is reviewed in this paper.

Key words: Papilloma viridae, HIV, Anus neoplasms, Anoscopy