Abstract: Interposition colon syndrome (Chilaiditi syndrome) was first proposed by Cantini in 1865. If there are only the imaging changes but no clinical symptoms, it is known as Chilaiditi sign. If there are symptoms, it is known as Chilaiditi syndrome. The incidence of Chilaiditi sign is extremely low, only 0.025%-0.28%, which is more common in male and elderly patients. The diagnosis of Chilaiditi sign mainly depends on X-ray, CT and ultrasound. Chilaiditi syndrome is easy to be misdiagnosed as intestinal obstruction, pneumoperitoneum, etc., and should be differentiated in clinical practice to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment. A 66-year-old female patient admitted to our hospital on October 16, 2018 was hospitalized with cervical cancer. After admission, the patient underwent extensive transabdominal hysterectomy + bilateral adnexectomy + bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection. The patient was complicated with Chilaiditi syndrome on the 2nd day after surgery, which led to respiratory distress and continuous decrease in blood oxygen saturation. After the diagnosis of Chilaiditi syndrome, the patients were given conservative symptomatic treatment, such as transanal intestinal obstruction catheterization, active control of pulmonary infection, and correction of hypoxemia. This paper reported the case and reviewed relevant literature.

Key words: Uterine cervical neoplasms, Colon, Syndrome, Anoxia, Case reports