Advances in Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary-Hypercalcemic Type

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20210203

Abstract

Abstract:

Primary small cell carcinoma of the ovary-hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT) is a rare but extremely lethal malignancy that mainly impacts young women. Although the origin of SCCOHT is still obscure, it is difficult to differentiate from other ovarian small cell tumors in histomorphology, and there are no definite treatment guidelines as the rarity, some breakthrough progress has been made in the molecular pathogenesis recent years. SCCOHT is characterized by a diploid genome with loss of SMARCA4 and lack of SMARCA2 expression. The lack of expression of BRG1 and BRM proteins encoded by these two genes in immunohistochemical staining has become an important means to identify the tumor in pathological diagnosis. In addition, there are also some studies on treatment, such as targeted drugs for pathogenic molecules. In this review, the clinicopathological characteristics, differential diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of SCCOHT were analyzed and summarized, in order to further deepen the understanding of this disease and lay the foundation for more accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Ovarian neoplasms, Carcinoma,small cell, Small cell carcinoma of the ovary-hypercalcemic type, Diagnosis, Therapy

XU Yan-ning, LIU Yi-xin, CHEN Ling. Advances in Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary-Hypercalcemic Type[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2021, 48(5): 548-552.

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