Abstract: Objective：To study the relationship of the viral load of HPV and TSLC-1 during the development of cervical squamous cancer. Methods：100 specimens of tissues which had been detected the viral load of HPV by HC-Ⅱ，including squamous carcinoma of the cervix，cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CINs） and chronic cervicitis underwent immunehistochemistry to detect the expression of TSLC-1，and evaluated their correlations. Results：54 out of 100 samples were HPV DNA positive，the viral load of HPV were 1≤RLU/CO≤100（27/100），100-1 000（23/100），≥1 000（4/100），TSLC-1“-”（42/100），“+”（23/100），“++”（20/100） and“+++”（15/100）. Statistical analysis for the association of TSLC-1 and the viral load of HPV revealed that： the expression levels of TSLC-1 and the viral load of HPV showed a significant correlation（rs=0.586，P=0.000）.Conclusions：Down-regulation of TSLC-1 and the viral load of HPV showed a significant correlation during the pathogenesis of CIN and cervical squamous cell carcinoma，to detect both of them is helpful to calculated the tendency of cervical pathological changes.

Key words: Genes, tumor suppressor, Viral load, Uterine cervical neoplasms, Carcinoma, squamous cell, Papillomaviridae