Abstract: Uterine myomas are one of the most common tumors of the female reproductive tract and a major public health problem. However，there are still a lot of problems to be completely understood. Although uterine myoma is very common in clinical，the data of incidence and morbidity used is collected ten years ago. Thus，it is necessary to take epidemiological investigation widely. The treatment methods and theory of uterine myoma have been changed gradually. Uterine myoma couldn't be treated by the same therapy instead of many methods from laparotomy to microlaparoscopy. It is important to pay attention to the clinical and special problems in uterine myoma such as infertility，family planning，hormone replacement therapy，sex and sexual function，obstetrics，pathology and oncology reproduction. Gynecologic oncologists shouldn't study malignant tumors merely. They should attach great importance to benign tumors at the same time.

Key words: Myoma, Uterine neoplasms, Incidence, Therapy, Pathology