人脐带间充质干细胞治疗多囊卵巢综合征的研究进展

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20250472

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovary syndrome，PCOS）作为一种复杂的内分泌代谢紊乱性疾病，在育龄期女性中发病率较高，严重影响患者的生殖健康和生活质量。传统的治疗方案仅限于改善症状，并不能逆转PCOS病理进程，因此难以根治及有效预防远期并发症。人脐带间充质干细胞（human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell，hUC-MSC）及其来源的细胞外囊泡具有独特的免疫调节、抗炎和组织修复能力，有望成为PCOS的治疗新方法。研究表明，hUC-MSC移植及其衍生的无细胞疗法通过调节炎症反应和炎症信号转导、抑制卵巢颗粒细胞程序性细胞死亡、维持线粒体稳态等多种作用机制，对调控免疫微环境、改善卵母细胞质量、缓解PCOS相关病理变化具有积极作用，并且在改善PCOS患者生殖结局、预防远期并发症等方面也展现出潜在临床价值，为后续深入研究hUC-MSC作用机制及临床转化提供了理论依据。

关键词: 多囊卵巢综合征, 干细胞移植, 细胞外囊泡, 人脐带间充质干细胞, 无细胞治疗, 机制

Abstract:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, has a relatively high incidence among women of reproductive age, significantly affecting the reproductive health and quality of life. Traditional treatment regimens are only limited to symptom improvement and cannot reverse the pathological process of PCOS. Therefore, it is difficult to completely cure the disease and effectively prevent long-term complications. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) and its derived extracellular vesicles have unique immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, tissue repair capabilities, and are expected to become a new treatment method for PCOS. Studies have shown that hUC-MSC transplantation and its derived cell-free therapy have positive effects on regulating the immune microenvironment, improving oocyte quality, and alleviating PCOS-related pathological changes through multiple mechanisms, such as regulating the inflammatory response and inflammatory signal transduction, inhibiting programmed cell death of ovarian granulosa cells, and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Furthermore, these also show potential clinical value in improving the reproductive outcomes of PCOS patients and preventing long-term complications, providing a theoretical basis for further in-depth research on the mechanism of action of hUC-MSC and its clinical translation.

Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Stem cell transplantation, Extracellular vesicles, Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell, Cell-free therapy, Mechanism

冷亚文, 王宇, 吴效科. 人脐带间充质干细胞治疗多囊卵巢综合征的研究进展[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2025, 52(5): 527-533.

LENG Ya-wen, WANG Yu, WU Xiao-ke. Research Progress on the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2025, 52(5): 527-533.

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