基于妇科肿瘤耐药治疗中工程化外泌体的应用研究进展

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20230767

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

妇科恶性肿瘤严重威胁着女性健康，在女性各类疾病中其发病率和死亡率均位居前列，关键原因在于传统化疗对复发、耐药患者的疗效欠佳。近年来，探讨肿瘤细胞化疗的耐药机制，开发新型药物逆转耐药已成为妇科肿瘤研究者关注的热点。外泌体（exosome）是一种来源于细胞内溶酶体微粒内陷的多囊泡体，具有低免疫原性、先天靶向性及获得靶向性和高传递效率等生物学特性。因此，外泌体可作为一种理想的、天然的纳米递送药物载体，不仅可以降低肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的耐药性，提高药物治疗效果，还可以减少化疗药物对全身的毒副反应。本文就外泌体作为妇科肿瘤耐药治疗中药物载体的研究进展进行综述，以期对妇科肿瘤的临床治疗提供帮助。

关键词: 外泌体, 生殖器肿瘤, 女（雌）性, 抗药性, 肿瘤, 药物载体, 分子靶向治疗

Abstract:

Gynecological malignant tumor is a serious threat to women's health, with high morbidity and mortality among various female diseases. The key reason lies in the inadequate curative effect of traditional chemotherapy on relapsed and drug-resistant patients. In recent years, to explore the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance of tumor cells and to develop new chemotherapy reversal agents has become a focus of gynecological cancer researchers. Exosomes are a kind of multivesicular bodies originated from the formation of intracellular lysosomal particle invaginations, with biological properties such as low immunogenicity, innate targeting and acquired targeting, and high delivery efficiency. Therefore, exosomes can be used as an ideal, natural nanocarriers for drug delivery, which can not only reduce tumor resistance to chemotherapy drugs, improving the therapeutic effect of drugs, but also reduce the toxic and side effects of chemotherapy drugs on the whole body. This review summarizes the research progress of exosomes as drug carriers in drug-resistant treatment of gynecological tumors in order to to providing assistance in the clinical treatment of gynecological tumors.

Key words: Exosomes, Genital neoplasms, female, Drug resistance, neoplasm, Drug carriers, Molecular targeted therapy

郭鑫, 张建楠, 郭楠, 宁文婷, 尚海霞. 基于妇科肿瘤耐药治疗中工程化外泌体的应用研究进展[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2024, 51(1): 42-46.

GUO Xin, ZHANG Jian-nan, GUO Nan, NING Wen-ting, SHANG Hai-xia. Advances in the Application of Engineered Exosomes in the Treatment of Drug Resistance in Gynecological Tumors[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2024, 51(1): 42-46.

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