多倍体肿瘤巨细胞对肿瘤耐药作用机制的研究进展

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20240393

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

化疗是肿瘤治疗的常用手段，在肿瘤治疗前期具有积极作用，但随着化疗疗程的增加，肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的敏感性逐步减弱，从而产生化疗耐药性。肿瘤耐药是多因素介导的复杂过程，目前认为其与肿瘤细胞干性、异质性、肿瘤免疫微环境和化疗药物转运与外排增加等有关，但具体的机制尚不清楚。多倍体肿瘤巨细胞（polyploid giant cancer cell，PGCC）是一类体积增大、胞核丰富的特殊肿瘤细胞亚群。研究发现PGCC普遍存在于结直肠癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌等多种肿瘤中，与肿瘤的发生、转移、耐药和复发有着密切联系。阐述PGCC在肿瘤中的形成及意义，并从PGCC所具有的特殊机制、自噬、衰老和DNA修复等角度阐述PGCC引起耐药发生的可能机制，从而为改善肿瘤耐药提供可能策略。

关键词: 肿瘤, 多倍体肿瘤巨细胞, 抗药性, 肿瘤, 自噬, DNA修复

Abstract:

Chemotherapy is a commonly used method for tumor treatment, which has a positive effect in the early stage of tumor treatment. However, as the chemotherapy course increases, the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy drugs gradually weakens, leading to chemotherapy resistance. Tumor drug resistance is a complex process mediated by multiple factors, which is currently believed to be related to tumor cell stemness, heterogeneity, tumor immune microenvironment, and increased chemotherapy drug transport and efflux. But the specific mechanism is not yet clear. Polyploid giant cancer cells(PGCCs) are a special subset of tumor cells with increased volume and abundant nuclei. Research has found that PGCC generally exist in colorectal cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer and other tumors, and were closely related to the occurrence, metastasis, drug resistance and recurrence of tumors. This paper describes the formation and significance of the research progress of PGCC in tumors, and expounds the possible mechanism of PGCC causing drug resistance from the perspective of its special mechanism, autophagy, aging and DNA repair, so as to provide a possible strategy for improving tumor drug resistance.

Key words: Neoplasms, Polyploid giant cancer cells, Drug resistance, neoplasm, Autophagy, DNA repair

丁义玲, 鲁娣, 宋殿荣. 多倍体肿瘤巨细胞对肿瘤耐药作用机制的研究进展[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2024, 51(4): 361-365.

DING Yi-ling, LU Di, SONG Dian-rong. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Tumor Resistance in Polyploid Giant Cancer Cells[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2024, 51(4): 361-365.

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