导致子宫内膜疾病的激素通路及调节因素

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20240269

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

子宫内膜的发育和功能高度依赖于类固醇激素的周期分泌及其同源受体的表达，其中最重要的是雌、孕激素及其受体。雌、孕激素使子宫内膜有增殖期和分泌期，维持正常的月经周期并为妊娠做准备，雌、孕激素失调会导致子宫内膜癌、子宫内膜增生和子宫内膜异位症等一系列疾病，引起严重的健康问题。病理状态下，雌激素与雌激素受体相互作用促进子宫内膜过度增殖，这与子宫内膜病变发生风险升高密切相关，而孕激素能有效抑制雌激素的增殖作用，但当孕激素受体表达异常或出现孕酮抵抗时会导致孕激素功能失调。子宫内膜相关疾病的有效治疗有赖于对激素通路的认识，综述导致子宫内膜疾病的激素通路及其调节因素，以期为临床研制出能有效预防及改善治疗结局的新药提供借鉴。

关键词: 子宫内膜肿瘤, 子宫内膜增生, 子宫内膜异位症, 性腺甾类激素, 信号传导, 分子靶向治疗

Abstract:

The development and function of the endometrium are highly dependent on the cyclic secretion of steroid hormones and the expression of their homologous receptors, the most important of which are estrogen and progesterone and their receptors. Estrogen and progesterone enable the endometrium to have a proliferative and secretory phase, maintain a normal menstrual cycle, and prepare for pregnancy. Dysregulation of estrogen and progesterone can lead to a series of diseases such as endometrial cancer, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometriosis, causing serious health problems. Under pathological conditions, estrogen interacts with estrogen receptors to promote excessive proliferation of the endometrium, which is closely related to the increased risk of endometrial lesions. However, progesterone can effectively inhibit the proliferative effect of estrogen, but when the expression of progesterone receptors is abnormal or when progesterone resistance occurs, it can lead to progesterone dysfunction. Effective treatment of endometrial-related diseases depends on the understanding of hormone pathways. This article reviews the hormone pathways and regulatory factors that cause endometrial diseases, with a view to providing reference for the clinical development of new drugs that can effectively prevent and improve treatment outcomes of endometrial diseases.

Key words: Endometrial neoplasms, Endometrial hyperplasia, Endometriosis, Gonadal steroid hormones, Signal transduction, Molecular targeted therapy

郭希, 魏佳, 杨永秀. 导致子宫内膜疾病的激素通路及调节因素[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2024, 51(4): 395-400.

GUO Xi, WEI Jia, YANG Yong-xiu. Hormonal Pathways and Regulatory Factors That Lead to Endometrial Disease[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2024, 51(4): 395-400.

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