间充质干细胞治疗子宫内膜异位症的研究进展

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20250917

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

子宫内膜异位症（endometriosis，EMs）是一种常见的妇科疾病，传统治疗方法存在复发率高和损伤卵巢功能等局限性。间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cell，MSC）因其多向分化潜能和免疫调节特性已成为新的治疗方向。综述MSC在EMs中的双重作用：致病性MSC通过异常增殖和纤维化驱动疾病进展，而治疗性MSC则通过免疫调节、抗血管生成等机制发挥治疗作用。重点探讨了干细胞移植、无细胞疗法、基因修饰及联合治疗等策略的进展，并分析了给药安全性、长期疗效和标准化问题等临床转化中的挑战。未来研究需优化递送系统、完善评估标准，推动MSC疗法的临床应用。

关键词: 间质干细胞, 子宫内膜异位症, 间质干细胞移植, 外泌体, 免疫调节

Abstract:

Endometriosis (EMs) is a common gynecological disease. Traditional treatment methods have limitations such as high recurrence rates and damage to ovarian function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a novel therapeutic approach due to their multi-directional differentiation potential and immunomodulatory properties. This review summarizes the dual roles of MSCs in EMs: pathogenic MSCs drive disease progression through abnormal proliferation and fibrosis, while therapeutic MSCs exert effects through mechanisms such as immunomodulation and anti-angiogenesis. The review focuses on the progress of strategies such as stem cell transplantation, cell-free therapy, gene modification, and combination therapy, and analyzes the challenges in clinical translation, including drug delivery safety, long-term efficacy, and standardization issues. Future research should optimize the delivery system and improve the evaluation criteria to promote the clinical application of MSC therapy.

Key words: Mesenchymal stem cells, Endometriosis, Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, Exosomes, Immunomodulation

张秀霞, 吴雪丽, 马跃, 李红丽, 刘畅. 间充质干细胞治疗子宫内膜异位症的研究进展[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2026, 53(1): 53-59.

ZHANG Xiu-xia, WU Xue-li, MA Yue, LI Hong-li, LIU Chang. Research Progress on the Treatment of Endometriosis with Mesenchymal Stem Cells[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2026, 53(1): 53-59.

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