妊娠期糖尿病相关新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的机制

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20251147

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）是一种妊娠期常见的代谢性疾病，其不仅增加孕妇发生子痫前期、产后出血及罹患2型糖尿病的风险，同时也易使子代出现不良结局。新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（neonatal respiratory distress syndrome，NRDS）常见于GDM母亲婴儿。研究表明，GDM母亲婴儿发生NRDS的病理机制涉及多条相互关联的通路：母体高血糖引发的氧化应激、全身性炎症反应、肺表面活性物质合成紊乱以及表观遗传修饰的改变。综述GDM母亲婴儿发生NRDS机制的最新进展，以期降低NRDS发生率并改善围产期健康结局。

关键词: 糖尿病，妊娠, 呼吸窘迫综合征，新生儿, 肺表面活性剂, 氧化应激, 胰岛素

Abstract:

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disease during pregnancy. It not only increases the risk of preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in pregnant women, but also makes the offspring prone to adverse outcomes. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is common in infants of mothers with GDM. Studies have shown that the pathological mechanisms of NRDS in infants of GDM mothers involve multiple interrelated pathways: oxidative stress caused by maternal hyperglycemia, systemic inflammatory response, disruption of pulmonary surfactant synthesis, and changes in epigenetic modifications. This review summarizes the latest progress in the mechanisms of NRDS in infants of GDM mothers, aiming to reduce the incidence of NRDS and improve perinatal health outcomes.

Key words: Diabetes, gestational, Respiratory distress syndrome, newborn, Pulmonary surfactants, Oxidative stress, Insulin

张星颖, 衣凤鑫, 王鹏源, 郝薇. 妊娠期糖尿病相关新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的机制[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2026, 53(1): 98-102.

ZHANG Xing-ying, YI Feng-xin, WANG Peng-yuan, HAO Wei. Mechanisms of Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2026, 53(1): 98-102.

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