Research Progress of Trophoblast Apoptosis Induced by Villitis of Unknown Etiology in Fetal Growth Restriction

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20220067

Abstract

Abstract:

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common obstetric complications associated with many perinatal adverse pregnancy outcomes. The pathogenesis of FGR is still unknown at present,and placental insufficiency is considered to be one of the main causes of FGR. Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is a common non-infectious placental inflammatory change of unknown origin in the middle and late trimester, characterized by maternal T cells infiltration into the villus stroma and inflammatory cytokine dysregulation. There is moderate apoptosis of trophoblast cells in normal pregnancy, while in VUE, the increased CD8⁺T lymphocytes and Hofbauer cells can secrete a variety of cytokines after activation,which can promote the apoptosis of trophoblast cells, resulting in placental dysplasia, fetal thrombotic vasculopathy, and placental hypoperfusion. These will lead to placental insufficiency, which is associated with fetal growth restriction closely. However, the mechanism of VUE inducing apoptosis of placental trophoblast cells in the occurrence of FGR remains unclear. This article reviews the research progress of trophoblast apoptosis and FGR during VUE briefly.

Key words: Villitis of unknown etiology, Fetal growth retardation, Trophoblasts, Apoptosis, Pregnancy outcome

QU Lin, ZHOU Xin, SUN Li-zhou. Research Progress of Trophoblast Apoptosis Induced by Villitis of Unknown Etiology in Fetal Growth Restriction[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2022, 49(4): 415-419.

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