Abstract: In recent years, China has loosened its decades-long one-child population policy, allowing couples to have two children. Consequently, an increasing number of women who had received cesarean section come across cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) during their following pregnancies. More concerns should be strengthened by our obstetricians and gynecologists considering the risks of its severe complications, such as hemorrhea and uterine rupture. Two main symptoms of CSP are vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain after amenorrhoea, and it could be diagnosed and further classified by the transvaginal ultrasonography, MRI and hysteroscopy. In recent years, researchers have focused on the pathogenesis, risk factors and new treatment methods of the CSP, which would be introduced in this article. Moreover, the recurrent CSP and its risk factors and treatments would also been identified here.

Key words: Pregnancy, high-risk, Cesarean section, Postoperative complications, Uterus, Cicatrix