Abstract: Cesarean incision diverticulum is a rare complication after cesarean section，which could cause irregular uterine bleeding，infertility，chronic pelvic pain，or more likely uterine rupture during pregnancy or childbirth. In recent years，as increase of cesarean section rate，improvement in the clinician′s recognition to this disease，development of imaging and minimally invasive technology，more cases have been confirmed. After introduced the pathogenesis，clinical manifestation and diagnosis of uterine scar defect after cesarean section，the article presented the treatment and latest development of this disease. However，additional and large longitudinal samples and multi-center′s randomized controlled trial are definitely needed. In order to reduce the incidence of uterine scar defect，the cesarean section indication should be strictly controlled.

Key words: Cesarean section, Diverticulum, Laparoscopy, Hysteroscopy, Diagnosis, Therapy