Abstract: Pre-eclampsia（PE） is a disease with 5%-8% incidence and is traditionally diagnosed by the characteristic of high blood pressure, proteinuria and edema after 20 weeks of pregnancy combined with multiple organ failure. It may lead to placental abruption, DIC, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome （thrombocytopenia, elevated liver enzymes and hemolysis）, renal failure, cerebral vascular accident and other serious complications, serious illness may develop eclampsia and multiple organ failure. PE is one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal child mortality. The main pathological basis is the various etiologies leading to endothelial cell damage, followed by a variety of vasoactive factors, inflammatory factors and clotting factor dysregulation, which appeared multiple organ dysfunction. There are placental trophoblast cell ischemia and hypoxia or doctrine, the doctrine of oxidative stress, immune dysregulation theory, genetics, and vascular endothelial damage theory and so on accounting for its mechanism. With further research on PE, is also has a new understanding to its pathogenesis.

Key words: Pre-eclampsia, Endothelial cells, Trophoblasts, Oxidative stress