Abstract: Endometriosis（EMs） typically affects women of reproductive age. The underlining mechanisms of EM are not fully disclosed and treatment regimens do not provide satisfactory effects. Eutopic endometrium， stem cells and archimetra have been highly recognized in explaining the development of endometriosis， which also have great contributions to disease diagnosis， therapy development and preventive measures both theoretically and practically. New concepts such as“source of diagnosing”and“source of healing”are introduced into diagnosis and management of EM， epidemiology researches are possible with the help of bioassays， these all suggest an important role of translational medicine in optimizing EM researches.

Key words: Endometriosis, Eutopic Endometrium, Stem cell, Archimetra, Translational medicine, Biotechnology