Abstract: Objective：To investigate the amplification of hTERC gene in the cervical exfoliated cells，explore its value in diagnosis and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia（CIN）. Methods：724 women were examined with liquid-based cytology, high-risk human papillomavirus（HR-HPV） testing using hybrid capture Ⅱ（HC-Ⅱ） and hTERC gene detection using fluorescence in situ hybridization（FISH） in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital. The patients with ASCUS and above lesion and/or positive HR-HPV results were examined by colposcopy，multiple biopsies of cervical quadrant and pathology. Results：The frequency of CIN Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ，cervical cancer were 251（34.67%），17（2.35%），48（6.63%）and 10（1.38%） respectively in 724 patients， the rates of hTERC gene amplification was 11.05%. There was significant difference of hTERC amplification among the samples with different cytological and histological lesions and the HPV infection（P <0.01）. ①The positive rate of HPV infection in 724 patients was 39.64%；The positive rates of hTERC gene amplification were 19.86% in HPV positive and 5.26% in HPV negative （χ2=37.556，P ＜0.01）. ②In cytology，the rates of hTERC gene amplification were NILM（5.19%），ASCUS （10.23%），LSIL（11.84%），ASC-H（21.43%），HSIL （73.17%）， SCCA （100.00%），AGC（50.00%）；There was a marked increase of hTERC amplification in patients with HSIL and above lesion （χ2=186.755，P ＜0.01）. ③In histology，the rates of hTERC gene amplification were respectively normal（3.70%），CINⅠ（4.38%），CINⅡ（47.06%），CINⅢ（58.33%），invasive carcinoma（90.00%）. There was a marked increase of hTERC amplification in patients with CINⅡand above lesion（χ2=144.597，P ＜0.01）. Conclusion：There was a tight correlation between amplification of hTERC and the histological and cytological lesion. hTERC amplified or not may be as a prognostic indicator to judge whether high grade lesion or not.

Key words: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, Uterine cervical neoplasms, In situ hybridization, fluorescence, Human papillomavirus, Human telomerase RNA component