Abstract: Cesarean scar diverticulum （CSD） is a late complication of cesarean section. More and more patients are suffered from CSD with symptoms such as prolonged menstruation，postmenstrual spotting，chronic pelvic pain，infertility and even uterine rupture in the late pregnancy. So doctors are gradually paying more attention to CSD because of its increasing incidence in recent years. Clinical diagnosis of CSD depends on its typical clinical manifestations and auxiliary examinations. Ultrasound is most commonly used. Magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） is the most accurate auxiliary examination. Others includes hysteroscopy and hysterosalpingography（HSG） etc. The current therapy for this disease is oral contraceptives（OCs） and surgeries，which include abdominal interventions，transvaginal repair，hysteroscopic niche resection，laparoscopic niche repair，or combined surgery of them. Among these, abdominal interventions are seldom used, hysteroscopic niche resection is the most minimally invasive and it′s suitable for the patients whose diverticulum to serosal layer ＞2 mm under MRI measurement, that whose diverticulum to serosal layer＜2 mm are usually choose the laparoscopic niche repair or transvaginal repair or combined surgery. This review is about CSD and its clinical treatment.

Key words: Cesarean section, Diverticulum, Diagnosis, Therapy, Review