Abstract: Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignant tumors. There are a number of studies have confirmed that human papillomavirus（HPV） infection is a necessary condition for cervical cancer，proteins which encoded by HPV leaded to inhibition of tumor cell apoptosis and tumor immune escaping. But the development of cervical cancer is also effected by the individual，family，geography and other factors. A lot of studies have pointed out that due to the self-healing capacity of the HPV self-limiting，cervical lesions are a long-term，reversible pathological changes in the process. Only high-risk subtypes of HPV persistent infection，will eventually lead to the occurrence of cervical lesions. This paper will introduce the literature of different HPV subtypes and cervical lesions. We obtained that persistent infection of high-risk HPV subtypes will increase the risk of cervical cancer and the HPV exam should be widely used in cervical cancer early screening. Following up HPV in cervical cancer or precancerous lesions of patients who received treatment is conducive to risk assessment and prognosis.

Key words: Human papillomavirus, Uterine cervical diseases, Uterine cervical neoplasms, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia