关键词: SARS病毒, 传染病控制, 孕妇, 焦虑, 危险因素, 新型冠状病毒肺炎, 新型冠状病毒

Abstract:

Objective: To explore the influencing factors of anxiety and depression in pregnant women under the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of the mental health status of pregnant women was carried out in Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Henan, Guangdong, Guizhou, and Shanxi provinces from January 23 to April 8, 2020. A questionnaire survey was adopted to obtain 1 793 valid questionnaires. The survey mainly includes basic information of pregnant women during pregnancy (age, height, weight, parity, education level, occupation, and monthly household income), exercise volume assessment, and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores. The trend χ² test was used to explore the difference between the detection rates of anxiety in high, medium and low risk areas and early, middle and late pregnancy. The logistic regression analysis was used to access the influencing factors of anxiety in pregnancy women during the COVID-19 epidemic. Results: The detection rate of anxiety symptoms in pregnancy women during the COVID-19 epidemic was 34.47% (618/1 793), which was significantly higher than that before (χ²=596.234, P=0.000). The detection rates of anxiety symptoms in high, medium and low risk areas were 34.71% (455/1 311), 31.79% (55/173) and 34.95% (108/309), respectively (χ²=0.011, P=0.916). The detection rates of anxiety symptoms in early, middle, and late pregnancy were 41.38% (36/87), 38.01% (176/463), and 32.66% (406/1243), respectively (χ²=6.122, P=0.013). Compared with the third trimester of pregnancy, the risk of anxiety symptoms is higher in early and middle pregnancy, with OR (95%CI) values of 1.706 (1.058~2.749) and 1.461 (1.151~1.855), respectively. Compared with pregnant women with high school education and below, pregnant women with master degree and above have a higher risk of anxiety symptoms (OR=1.861, 95%CI: 1.102~3.144). Compared with pregnant women who use electronic products less than 2 hours per day, those use electronic products for 5~6 hours and 7 h per day have a higher risk of anxiety symptoms, with OR (95%CI) values of 1.725 (1.188~2.505) and 2.000 (1.376~2.908), respectively. Compared with pregnant women who have enough sleep every day, those sleep less than 6 hours has a higher risk of anxiety symptoms, with an OR (95%CI) value of 2.603 (1.706~3.970). Compared with pregnant women who exercise 4~7 times per week, pregnant women who do not exercise or rarely exercise has a higher risk of anxiety symptoms, with an OR (95%CI) of 1.612 (1.166~2.230). Conclusions: The detection rate of anxiety symptoms in pregnant women during the epidemic period is higher than that before the epidemic. Mental health intervention services should focus on the anxiety and depression in pregnant women during COVID-19 epidemic, and timely counseling and intervention should be conducted for pregnant women with anxiety and depression to prevent the occurrence of post-traumatic stress disorder. At the same time, relevant departments should manage the public opinion to eliminate the psychological damage caused by false reports.

Key words: SARS virus, Communicable disease control, Pregnant women, Anxiety, Risk Factors, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2