微流控技术在卵巢癌诊断和治疗中的应用

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20250185

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

卵巢癌因早期诊断困难和化疗耐药导致死亡率较高，成为全球女性健康的重大威胁。微流控技术作为一种新兴技术，以高敏感度、低样本和试剂消耗量、快速响应和符合成本效益原则等优势，在卵巢癌的诊断及治疗中展现出一定潜力。诊断领域中，微流控技术通过联合检测多种生物标志物突破了单一生物标志物检测的局限，实现了高敏感度快速筛查；还通过液体活检（如外泌体标志物筛选和循环肿瘤细胞高效鉴别），显著提升了卵巢癌早期诊断的可靠性。治疗层面上，微流控技术通过模拟肿瘤微环境揭示耐药机制，开发靶向递送系统增强药物敏感性，并精准构建可控释放的纳米载体优化药物效能与安全性。随着微流控技术的不断进步，其有望为患者带来更精准、更有效的诊断和治疗选择。

关键词: 卵巢肿瘤, 芯片实验室装置, 生物标记, 肿瘤, 液体活组织检查, 药物筛选试验, 抗肿瘤, 精准医学, 微流控技术

Abstract:

Ovarian cancer poses a significant threat to women′s health worldwide due to its high mortality rate, which is mainly attributed to the difficulties in early diagnosis and chemotherapy resistance. As an emerging technology, microfluidic technology shows certain potential in ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment, thanks to its advantages such as high sensitivity, low sample/reagents consumption, rapid response, and cost-effectiveness. In the field of diagnosis, microfluidic technology breaks through the limitations of single-biomarker detection by jointly detecting multiple biomarkers, enabling high-sensitivity and rapid screening. Moreover, it significantly improves the reliability of early diagnosis of ovarian cancer through liquid biopsy, such as screening exosome biomarkers and efficiently identifying circulating tumor cells. In terms of treatment, microfluidic technology reveals drug-resistance mechanisms by simulating the tumor microenvironment, develops targeted delivery systems to enhance drug sensitivity, and precisely constructs controllable-release nanocarriers to optimize drug efficacy and safety. With the continuous advancement of microfluidic technology, it is expected to bring more precise and effective diagnostic and treatment options for patients.

Key words: Ovarian neoplasms, Lab-on-a-chip devices, Biomarkers, tumor, Liquid biopsy, Drug screening assays, antitumor, Precision medicine, Microfluidic technology

徐若兰, 杨将, 周金婷. 微流控技术在卵巢癌诊断和治疗中的应用[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2025, 52(3): 326-330.

XU Ruo-lan, YANG Jiang, ZHOU Jin-ting. Application of Microfluidic Technology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ovarian Cancer[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2025, 52(3): 326-330.

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