生物工程原理在宫颈重塑及自发性早产中的应用进展

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20240256

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

宫颈的机械功能对正常妊娠过程至关重要。在正常妊娠期间，宫颈显著软化，顺应性增加，从而维持妊娠并允许成功分娩，异常的宫颈重塑被认为是导致自发性早产的原因之一。目前，自发性早产的预测手段十分有限，临床工作中最常应用的是经阴道超声测量宫颈管长度。随着生物工程的发展，其相关技术应用于科学研究并进一步在临床工作中进行实践成为可能。主要总结了电阻抗图谱、超声剪切波弹性成像、弥散张量成像、宫颈抽吸、拉曼光谱等生物工程原理技术在预测自发性早产、建立宫颈重塑模型中的应用，以及应用生物相容性水凝胶等新型材料在预防自发性早产发生中的探索。

关键词: 生物工程原理, 子宫颈, 宫颈重塑, 自发性早产, 生物力学模型

Abstract:

The mechanical function of the cervix is critical for the normal progression of pregnancy. During normal pregnancy, the cervix softens significantly and becomes more compliant, which are essential for maintaining pregnancy and facilitating a successful delivery. Abnormal cervical remodeling is believed to contribute to spontaneous preterm labor. Currently, there are limited methods available for predicting spontaneous preterm labor, with transvaginal ultrasound being the most commonly applied in clinical approach to measure cervical canal length. With the development of bioengineering, it is possible for related technologues to be applied in scientific research and further practice in clinical work. This article mainly summarized the application of bioengineering principles and technologies such as electrical impedance spectroscopy, ultrasound shear wave elastography, diffusion tensor imaging, cervical aspiration, and Raman spectroscopy in predicting spontaneous preterm labor and establishing models of cervical remodeling, as well as the exploration of new materials such as biocompatible hydrogels in preventing spontaneous preterm labor.

Key words: Principle of bioengineering, Cervix Uteri, Cervical remodeling, Spontaneous preterm labor, Biomechanical model

陈欣欣, 李懋, 姜锋. 生物工程原理在宫颈重塑及自发性早产中的应用进展[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2024, 51(4): 453-457.

CHEN Xin-xin, LI Mao, JIANG Feng. Application Progress of Bioengineering Principle in Cervical Remodeling and Spontaneous Preterm Labor[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2024, 51(4): 453-457.

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