中药单体及复方调控NF-κB信号通路干预卵巢癌的研究进展

doi:10.12280/gjfckx.20250857

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

卵巢癌（ovarian cancer，OC）是女性生殖系统的常见恶性肿瘤之一，其发病早期症状隐匿，多数患者确诊时已属晚期，严重威胁患者的生命健康。目前OC的治疗以手术、化疗为主，但易出现耐药、复发及不良反应等问题，亟需寻求更安全、更高效的治疗策略。近年来，中草药因其高效、无明显毒副反应等特点受到广泛关注，已成为肿瘤医学领域的研究热点。核因子-κB（nuclear factor-κB，NF-κB）信号通路在OC细胞增殖、凋亡、转移和侵袭等过程中发挥关键作用，其持续异常激活与OC的发生发展紧密相关。研究表明，中药能够通过调控NF-κB信号通路抑制OC的进展，为OC的预防和治疗提供了新的思路。本文通过梳理近年来国内外相关文献，总结中药单体及复方调控NF-κB信号通路治疗OC的研究现状，以期为OC的临床研究及药物开发提供科学的理论依据。

关键词: NF-κB, 卵巢肿瘤, 中草药, 中药单体, 中药复方

Abstract:

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the common malignant tumors in the female reproductive system. Its early stage symptoms are insidious, and most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, which seriously threatens the lives and health of patients. Currently, the treatment of OC mainly includes surgery and chemotherapy, but problems such as drug resistance, recurrence and adverse reactions are prone to occur. Therefore, it is urgent to seek safer and more effective treatment strategies. In recent years, Chinese herbal medicine has attracted wide attention due to its high efficiency and no obvious toxic side effects, and has become a research hotspot in the field of oncology. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the processes of OC cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and invasion. Its continuous abnormal activation is closely related to the occurrence and development of OC. Studies have shown that Chinese medicine can inhibit the progression of OC by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of OC. This article summarizes the current research status of Chinese medicine monomers and compounds in the treatment of OC by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway through reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literature in recent years, aiming to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the clinical research and drug development of OC.

Key words: NF-kappa B, Ovarian neoplasms, Drugs, Chinese herbal, Traditional Chinese medicine monomer, Traditional Chinese medicine compound

谢久梅, 王宇, 陈香楠, 张丽倩, 吴效科. 中药单体及复方调控NF-κB信号通路干预卵巢癌的研究进展[J]. 国际妇产科学杂志, 2025, 52(6): 690-695.

XIE Jiu-mei, WANG Yu, CHEN Xiang-nan, ZHANG Li-qian, WU Xiao-ke. Research Progress on the Intervention of Ovarian Cancer by Chinese Medicine Monomers and Compounds through Regulating the NF-κB Signaling Pathway[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2025, 52(6): 690-695.

图/表 3

参考文献 31

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分类	中药单体	细胞模型	分子机制	作用	参考文献
黄酮类	淫羊藿苷	SKOV3细胞	PI3K-Akt/NF-κB信号通路↓，Bax、Caspase-3↑	促进细胞凋亡	[18]
	豆蔻素	SKOV3细胞	NF-κB和mTOR通路↓，Mcl-1、Bcl-2↓，Bax、cyt c和Caspase-3↑	促进细胞凋亡、抑制细胞生长、增殖、阻滞G2/M期	[19]
	黄芩苷	ID8细胞	Bax、cleaved Caspase-3↑，Bcl-2↓，p-IκBα、NF-κB p65↓	抑制细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭，诱导细胞凋亡、阻滞G2/M期	[20]
醌类	胡桃醌	SKOV3细胞	E-cadherin↑，N-cadherin、Snail、NF-κB p65↓	抑制细胞EMT、抑制迁移	[22]
	丹参酮ⅡA	-	NF-κB p65↓，Caspase-3↑	促进细胞凋亡	[21]
萜类	雷公藤红素	OVCAR3和SKOV3细胞	IκBα磷酸化↓，IκBα降解↓，p65↓，NF-κB通路↓，MMP-9↓	抑制肿瘤细胞迁移和侵袭	[24]
	芍药内酯苷	SKOV3细胞	CDH1↑，CDH2、NF-κB↓	抑制细胞迁移、诱导细胞凋亡	[23]
多酚类	姜黄素	SKOV3细胞	NF-κB/PRL-3通路↓，TNF-α、IL-6↓，Cyclin E1、Cyclin A1↓，EMT↓	抑制细胞炎症反应、增殖和迁移	[10]
	姜黄素	SKOV3细胞	EGR1↑，SNIP1↑，NF-κB通路↓，Bcl-2、Mcl-1↓	诱导细胞凋亡、降低紫杉醇耐药	[17]
皂苷类	重楼皂苷E	OVCAR3和SKOV3细胞	Akt/NF-κB信号通路↓，MMP-2、MMP-9↓	抑制细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭	[8]
	人参皂苷Rg3	SKOV3和A2780细胞	NF-κB p65磷酸化↓，KIF20A表达↓，CDC25A蛋白↓	抑制细胞增殖和侵袭、阻滞G1/S期和G2/M期	[25]
多糖类	虎杖多糖	SKOV3细胞	p65↓	抑制细胞增殖、促进细胞凋亡	[26]
环烯醚萜苷类	马鞭草色苷	SKOV3和A2780细胞	CCN1↓，Akt/NF-κB通路↓，M1型巨噬细胞极化↑	抑制细胞增殖和迁移、促进细胞凋亡	[27]
生物碱类	苦参碱	Caov-3细胞	PCNA、p-IκBα、p-NF-κB p65↓，PARP↑	抑制细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡	[28]

分类	中药单体	细胞模型	分子机制	作用	参考文献
黄酮类	淫羊藿苷	SKOV3细胞	PI3K-Akt/NF-κB信号通路↓，Bax、Caspase-3↑	促进细胞凋亡	[18]
	豆蔻素	SKOV3细胞	NF-κB和mTOR通路↓，Mcl-1、Bcl-2↓，Bax、cyt c和Caspase-3↑	促进细胞凋亡、抑制细胞生长、增殖、阻滞G2/M期	[19]
	黄芩苷	ID8细胞	Bax、cleaved Caspase-3↑，Bcl-2↓，p-IκBα、NF-κB p65↓	抑制细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭，诱导细胞凋亡、阻滞G2/M期	[20]
醌类	胡桃醌	SKOV3细胞	E-cadherin↑，N-cadherin、Snail、NF-κB p65↓	抑制细胞EMT、抑制迁移	[22]
	丹参酮ⅡA	-	NF-κB p65↓，Caspase-3↑	促进细胞凋亡	[21]
萜类	雷公藤红素	OVCAR3和SKOV3细胞	IκBα磷酸化↓，IκBα降解↓，p65↓，NF-κB通路↓，MMP-9↓	抑制肿瘤细胞迁移和侵袭	[24]
	芍药内酯苷	SKOV3细胞	CDH1↑，CDH2、NF-κB↓	抑制细胞迁移、诱导细胞凋亡	[23]
多酚类	姜黄素	SKOV3细胞	NF-κB/PRL-3通路↓，TNF-α、IL-6↓，Cyclin E1、Cyclin A1↓，EMT↓	抑制细胞炎症反应、增殖和迁移	[10]
	姜黄素	SKOV3细胞	EGR1↑，SNIP1↑，NF-κB通路↓，Bcl-2、Mcl-1↓	诱导细胞凋亡、降低紫杉醇耐药	[17]
皂苷类	重楼皂苷E	OVCAR3和SKOV3细胞	Akt/NF-κB信号通路↓，MMP-2、MMP-9↓	抑制细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭	[8]
	人参皂苷Rg3	SKOV3和A2780细胞	NF-κB p65磷酸化↓，KIF20A表达↓，CDC25A蛋白↓	抑制细胞增殖和侵袭、阻滞G1/S期和G2/M期	[25]
多糖类	虎杖多糖	SKOV3细胞	p65↓	抑制细胞增殖、促进细胞凋亡	[26]
环烯醚萜苷类	马鞭草色苷	SKOV3和A2780细胞	CCN1↓，Akt/NF-κB通路↓，M1型巨噬细胞极化↑	抑制细胞增殖和迁移、促进细胞凋亡	[27]
生物碱类	苦参碱	Caov-3细胞	PCNA、p-IκBα、p-NF-κB p65↓，PARP↑	抑制细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡	[28]

中药复方	细胞模型	分子机制	作用	参考文献
扶正解毒汤	SKOV3和OVCAR3细胞	PI3K/Akt/mTOR/NF-κB信号通路↓，p38信号通路↓，Bax、cyt-c、cleaved Caspase-3↑，Bcl-2↓	促进细胞凋亡、抑制增殖、迁移和侵袭	[29]
桂枝茯苓胶囊	SKOV3细胞	CDH2、NF-κB↓，Caspase-3、CDH1↑	抑制细胞迁移、促进细胞凋亡	[30]
理冲生髓饮	SKOV3细胞	TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8、TRIM44、IKKβ、NF-κB p65、Bcl-2、MMP-9↓，IκBα、Caspase-3↑	抑制细胞增殖、侵袭、转移，促进细胞凋亡，增强化疗药物作用	[31]

中药复方	细胞模型	分子机制	作用	参考文献
扶正解毒汤	SKOV3和OVCAR3细胞	PI3K/Akt/mTOR/NF-κB信号通路↓，p38信号通路↓，Bax、cyt-c、cleaved Caspase-3↑，Bcl-2↓	促进细胞凋亡、抑制增殖、迁移和侵袭	[29]
桂枝茯苓胶囊	SKOV3细胞	CDH2、NF-κB↓，Caspase-3、CDH1↑	抑制细胞迁移、促进细胞凋亡	[30]
理冲生髓饮	SKOV3细胞	TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8、TRIM44、IKKβ、NF-κB p65、Bcl-2、MMP-9↓，IκBα、Caspase-3↑	抑制细胞增殖、侵袭、转移，促进细胞凋亡，增强化疗药物作用	[31]