Abstract:

Small cell carcinoma of the fallopian tube (SCCFT) is a rare and highly aggressive gynecological malignancy with an extremely low incidence among all female reproductive tract neoplasms and is characterized by a poor prognosis. Definitive diagnosis requires a combination of histopathological tissue biopsy and immunohistochemical analysis. This report presents a case of 46-year-old female patient diagnosed with SCCFT. The patient initially presented with abdominal pain at an external hospital emergency department and underwent laparoscopic left salpingectomy plus right ovarian cystectomy. Postoperative pathology suggested a malignant tumor of the fallopian tube. Subsequently, the patient was referred to our institution. Following pathological consultation, a diagnosis of hypercalcemic type SCCFT was confirmed. The patient then underwent supplementary surgery consisting of laparoscopic total hysterectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, para-aortic lymphadenectomy, left oophorectomy, right salpingo-oophorectomy, resection of a pre-rectal mass, appendectomy, pelvic adhesiolysis and partial omentectomy. Postoperatively, she received six cycles of intravenous chemotherapy with a paclitaxel plus platinum-based regimen. No evidence of recurrence or metastasis was observed at 8 months post-surgery. This case report summarizes the clinical features, histopathological manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of small cell carcinoma of ovary/fallopian tube, aiming to provide a reference for the clinical management of this disease entity.

Key words: Fallopian tube, Ovary, Carcinoma, small cell, Diagnosis, Therapy, Prognosis