Abstract: Human parvovirus B19 is a small single-stranded DNA virus and a cytotoxicity to erythropoiesis. About 50% of women of childbearing age who do not possess protective IgG antibodies against B19V become susceptible persons. Infection with parvovirus B19 during pregnancy can cause several serious complications. such as miscarriage, fetal hydrops and fetal death. Parvovirus B19 diagnosis mainly rely on Testing maternal serum for antibodies. HPV-B19 DNA detection by PCR is very sensitive. Ultrasound investigation of the fetus and measurement of the peak systolic flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery are the effective means of non-invasive procedures to diagnose fetal anemia and hydrops. At present, there are no specific treatment protocol for acute parvovirus B19 infection. But early diagnosis and timely treatment of intrauterine parvovirus B19 infection is essential in preventing these fetal complications. Intrauterine transfusion is currently the only effective treatment to alleviate fetal anemia. Individual counseling of susceptible pregnant women will reduce probability of fetal deaths. if the fetus is（near） term, induction of delivery should be considered to reduce fetus risks. Development of a vaccine against B19 play a critical role in serum antibody-negative pregnant women.

Key words: Parvovirus B19, human, Antibodies, Polymerase chain reaction, Blood transfusion, intrauterine