Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）is a common disease in women of child-bearing age，characterized by the presence of hyperandrogenism，insulin resistance，and hyperinsulinism. PCOS is one of the most controversial entities in gynecological endocrinology， and it has been proven to be a familial inheritance. However，up to date， genes that may be involved in the etiology of PCOS have not been fully investigated，and no gene has been universally accepted as the fundamental pathogenic gene. Because of the heterogeneity of the syndrome， research becomes more difficult. Till now the genes investigated are mainly related to the regulation of androgen biosynthesis and function，insulin resistance，and chronic inflammation.

Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Androgens, Insulin resistance, Inflammation, Genes