Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS）is one of the endocrine disorders with reproductive dysfunction and glucose metabolism disorders，which is one of the most common reason of infertility of women in the reproductive age. So far，its pathogenesis has not been clear. It is now thought that the complicated clinical manifestations and biochemical characteristics of PCOS are the concomitant result of many genes and environmental factor. Its biochemical characteristics suggests that the pathogenesis is related to abnormal interaction of several genes，including genes involving the synthesize and action of steroid hormone，genes involving the secretion，and action of insulin，genes involving the effect and regulation of gonad stimulating hormone，and inflammatory factor genes．So the study on hereditary susceptibility of PCOS is helpful to further revealing its pathogenesis.

Key words: Polycystic ovary syndrome, Genetic predisposition to disease, Genotype, Polymorphism, genetic, Receptor