Abstract: Implantation of conception tissue within a cesarean section scar，named cesarean scar pregnancy（CSP），is an extremely rare form of ectopic pregnancy with devastating complications，such as uterine rupture and intractable bleeding，which may also lead to other life-threatening complications such as the pregnancy advances，loss of subsequent fertility，or even maternal death. Recently，the diagnosis of CSP is increasing，which attributed to growing awareness，expanding use of early pregnancy transvaginal ultrasound and rising rates of caesarean delivery. While the mechanism which contributes to cesarean scar pregnancy is still unclear，and the most notable mechanism is that the blastocyst invades myometrium through a microscopic dehiscent tract，which is believed to develop from the trauma of a previous cesarean section or any other uterine surgery. Although ultrasonographic devices are used adequately for precise diagnosis，but there is still a lack of consensus concerning management strategies. Moreover，the optimal management of CSP is unclear and a variety of therapeutic strategies are used，without clear management consensus at this time. The current primary intervention is early interruption of the pregnancy. Both medical and surgical approaches to the management of CSP are reported. The article is a review of the diagnosis and treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy.

Key words: Cesarean section, Cicatrix, Pregnancy, Diagnosis, Therapy