Abstract: Objective：To study the influence on pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia（IDA） and infants，and put forward the corresponding preventive measures. Methods：According to the diagnosis of anemia in the eighth edition of Obstetrics and Gynecology, retrospective analysis of 421 patients with iron deficiency anemia in late pregnancy [368 patients with moderate iron-deficiency anemia（IDA） and 53 patients with severe IDA] and 500 patients without IDA （control group）. Analysis of three groups of rate of postpartum hemorrhage and cesarean section and obstetrical forceps delivery，incidence of oligohydramnios and amniotic fluid pollution，rate of fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia , low neonatal birth weight. Results：The rates of postpartum hemorrhage，cesarean section，amniotic fluid pollution，fetal distress，neonatal asphyxia and low neonatal birth weight in severe IDA group are higher than the rates in moderate IDA group and control group（P＜0.05）. The rates of amniotic fluid pollution，fetal distress，neonatal asphyxia and low neonatal birth weight in moderate IDA group are higher than the rates in control group（P＜0.05）. There is no statistically difference in rate of obstetrical forceps delivery and oligohydramnios in three groups（P＞0.05）. Conclusions：Pregnancy with iron deficiency anemia have an adverse effect on maternity pregnancy outcome，we should strengthen the prevention of anemia during pregnancy.

Key words: Pregnancy complications, hematologic, Anemia, iron-deficiency, Postpartum hemorrhage, Fetal growth retardation