Abstract: Pelvic organ prolapsed (POP) not only seriously affects the quality of life, but also causes serious complications. With the aging society, POP patients are gradually increasing, and no consensus exists among researchers regarding its etiology and pathogenesis. Current research suggests that POP is a multifactorial disease with genetic predisposition, including environmental and genetic factors, etc. Environmental factors include high risk factors such as delivery injury, menopause, obesity and smoking, while genetic factors and genetic predisposition are not yet clear. The anabolism, catabolism, gene mutation, and/or polymorphism of pelvic floor support structures and extracellular matrix components were analyzed, and the leading-edge technologies of related genetic genes and related signal pathways were summarized.

Key words: Pelvic floor, Prolapse, Genes, Pelvic organ prolapsed, Anabolic, Catabolism