Abstract: Uterine myoma is the most common benign tumor of the female reproductive system，which is made up of
smooth muscles and connective tissues. The exact etiologies that cause the uterine myoma are not well known. Because of it’s high morbidity and affect the quality of life， uterine myoma is a major cause of hysterectomy in many countries. In recent years， we have got some new cognitions in the etiology of uterine myoma， such as age，obesity， history of pregnancy and miscarriages， race， smoking， drinking， blood pressure and exercises， harmful environment and genetic factors and so on. These progress may play a guiding role in prevention and treatment. So we conduct a review of uterine myoma.

Key words: Uterine neoplasms, Leiomyoma, Environment, Life style, Age factors