Abstract: Bacterial vaginosis（BV） can increase susceptibility of women to pelvic inflammatory disease，adverse pregnancy outcome and the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted diseases. Because of the factors causing BV and recurrent BV are complex，its etiology or pathogenesis still remains elusive. This review summarizes the microbiology and pathophysiology aspects of BV to enhance understanding of the vaginal microbiota，which is characterized by the depletion of hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli species and aggregation of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria（BVAB）. Bacterial biofilm，formed by Gardnerella vaginalis in particular colonizes and adheres on the vaginal epithelium，can′t be completely eradicated by host immune system or antibiotics，contributing to the chronic and recalcitrant infection. Further outlines on the current clinical therapy and the need to cater to specific biofilm eradication treatment to minimize its recurrence.
【Keywords】 Vaginosis，bacterial；Drug resistance，microbial；Drug resistance，bacterial；Gardnerella vaginalis；Biofilms

Key words: Vaginosis, bacterial, Drug resistance, microbial, Drug resistance, bacterial, Biofilms