Abstract:

The mortality rate of ovarian cancer is very high, but the pathogenesis is still unclear. In recent years, with the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, the study of the female reproductive tract and gut microbiome in ovarian cancer has become a hot spot. It was found that in ovarian cancer, the abundance of firmicutes in the upper and lower reproductive tract decreased, the number of bacteroides increased and the gut microbiome was often dysbiosis. It may play an important role in the development of ovarian cancer by causing carcinogenic reactions through its components and metabolites, increasing the ratio of estrogen to promote ovarian carcinogenesis, and mediating inflammatory responses that affect immune regulation. In addition, the female reproductive tract and gut microbiome are involved in the therapeutic process of ovarian cancer and are closely associated with drug resistance and efficacy. Among these, fecal transplantation, probiotic supplementation, and antibiotic application have been initially explored. This article focuses on the structure of the female reproductive tract and gut microbiome, its relevance to ovarian cancer, and clinical treatment studies, to provide new directions and strategies for the screening, treatment, and prevention of ovarian cancer.

Key words: Ovarian neoplasms, Reproductive tract infections, Microbiota, Gastrointestinal microbiome, Immunity, Drug resistance, microbial