国际妇产科学杂志

国际妇产科学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 376-379.

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

妊娠期糖尿病空腹血糖筛查的意义及其对妊娠结局的影响

车荣华, 黄亚绢   

  1. 上海交通大学附属第六人民医院妇产科[车荣华(现工作单位为上海市闵行区中心医院妇产科);黄亚绢]
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2012-08-15 发布日期:2012-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 黄亚绢

The Significance of Fasting Plasma Glucose Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Effect on Pregnancy Outcome

CHE Rong-hua， HUANG Ya-juan   

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology，Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital， Shanghai， 200233， China
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2012-08-15 Online:2012-08-15
  • Contact: HUANG Ya-juan

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摘要： 妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus ，GDM）的发生率逐年上升，不良妊娠结局与血糖水平相关，即使妊娠妇女的血糖水平在正常范围，随着血糖水平的升高，大于胎龄儿、剖宫产率、新生儿低血糖、新生儿高胰岛素血症及生后糖尿病的发生等母儿不良预后的发生率增加，尽早诊断及治疗GDM有助于改善不良妊娠结局。利用空腹血糖（fasting plasma glucose，FPG）筛查GDM越来越受关注。其具有操作简单，价格低廉，可重复率高并且容易被妊娠妇女接受等优点。近年来许多研究证实，妊娠早期FPG与葡萄糖负荷试验（glucose challenge test，GCT）及口服葡萄糖耐量试验（oral glucose tolerance test，OGTT）的血糖水平呈正相关，且显著降低了需要行OGTT检查的人数。故FPG筛查对GDM有较高的价值。

关键词: 糖尿病, 妊娠, 血糖, 妊娠结局, 普查, 葡萄糖耐量试验

Abstract: The incidence of gestational diabetes mellius（GDM） is increasing year by year， adverse pregnancy outcomes are strongly associated with fasting plasma glucose level. With increasing fasting glucose levels， considered a normoglycemia range， the risk of large-for-gestational-age（LGA） neonates and/or macrosomia， primary cesarean section， neonatal hypoglycemia， hyperinsulinemia and later diabetes is increasing. The diagnosis and treatment of GDM， in early pregnancy， may help to improve pregnancy outcomes. Using fasting plasma glucose as a screening test for GDM has been getting attention. It is easy to administer， inexpensive， reproducible and easily accepted by pregnant women. Currently， most results indicate a fair correlation between first-trimester fasting glucose level and glucose challenge test（GCT） and oral glucose tolerance test（OGTT）. Moreover， it can signifinantly decrease the number of OGTTs needed for the diagnosis of GDM. The FPG as a screening test for GDM have a higher value.

Key words: Diabetes, gestational, Blood glucose, Pregnancy outcome, Mass screening, Glucose tolerance test