
Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 170-176.doi: 10.12280/gjfckx.20250615
• Obstetric Physiology & Obstetric Disease: Original Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
LIU Xiao-xiao, NIU Yu-qin, DING Kun, CHEN Ya-xue(
)
Received:2025-06-04
Published:2026-04-15
Online:2026-05-08
Contact:
CHEN Ya-xue
E-mail:1214117960@qq.com
LIU Xiao-xiao, NIU Yu-qin, DING Kun, CHEN Ya-xue. The Effect of Inositol Supplementation on Blood Glucose and Incidence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women: A Meta-Analysis[J]. Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2026, 53(2): 170-176.
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| 纳入研究 | 国家 | 样本量 (干预组/对照组) | 分组 | 年龄 (岁) | 妊娠前BMI (kg/m2) | 干预时间 | 结局指标 | 质量评分 (分) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨标顺[ | 中国 | 62/63 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:30.41±4.35 | 干预组:32.84±2.58 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①②③④⑤⑥ | 4 |
| 对照组:叶酸片200 μg | 对照组:29.54±3.97 | 对照组:33.14±2.11 | ||||||
| Farren等[ | 爱尔兰 | 117/117 | 干预组:叶酸片400 μg+肌肉肌醇片1 100 mg+DCI 27.6 mg | 干预组:31.1±5.1 | 干预组:26.0±5.3 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩ | 5 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:31.5±5.0 | 对照组:26.2±5.5 | ||||||
| Godfrey等[ | 英国、新加坡、新西兰 | 295/290 | 干预组:叶酸片400 μg+肌肉肌醇片4 g | 干预组:30.53±3.4 | 干预组: 23.65(21.16~26.23) | 妊娠前至妊娠结束 | ①④⑤⑥⑧⑨⑩ | 6 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:30.14±3.3 | 对照组: 23.75(21.34~27.50) | ||||||
| Esmaeilzadeh等[ | 伊朗 | 27/29 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:27.8±4.2 | 干预组:27.3±1.8 | 妊娠14~24周至分娩 | ①②③④⑦⑧⑨? | 7 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:29.3±4.4 | 对照组:26.9±1.9 | ||||||
| Amaefule等[ | 英国 | 99/99 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:31.4±5.8 | 干预组:28.2±6.4 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①②③④⑥⑧⑨ | 4 |
| 对照组:无 | 对照组:31.9±5.6 | 对照组:27.9±5.6 | ||||||
| Vitale等[ | 意大利 | 110/113 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:27.18±6.03 | 干预组:27.00±1.49 | 妊娠早期至分娩后3周 | ①④⑤⑥ | 6 |
| 对照组:叶酸片200 μg | 对照组:27.95±4.90 | 对照组:26.68±1.56 | ||||||
| Celetano等[ | 意大利 | 60/40 | 干预组:叶酸片400 μg+肌醇片4 g | 干预组:33.8±4.3 | 干预组:23.8±4.3 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①④⑤⑥⑧⑨⑩? | 4 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:33.9±4.9 | 对照组:24.4±4.1 | ||||||
| Santamaria等[ | 意大利 | 95/102 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:32.1±4.8 | 干预组:26.9±1.3 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩? | 5 |
| 对照组:叶酸片200 μg | 对照组:32.7±5.3 | 对照组:27.1±1.3 | ||||||
| D'Anna等[ | 意大利 | 110/110 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:30.9(18~44) | 干预组:33.8(30.0~46.9) | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩? | 5 |
| 对照组:叶酸片200 μg | 对照组:31.7(19~43) | 对照组:33.8(30.0~46.0) | ||||||
| Matarrelli等[ | 意大利 | 35/38 | 干预组:叶酸片400 μg+ 肌肉肌醇片4 g | 干预组:33.0±4.9 | 干预组:23.5±3.4 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①④⑤⑥⑩? | 7 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:33.8±4.7 | 对照组:24.7±4.2 |
| 纳入研究 | 国家 | 样本量 (干预组/对照组) | 分组 | 年龄 (岁) | 妊娠前BMI (kg/m2) | 干预时间 | 结局指标 | 质量评分 (分) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 杨标顺[ | 中国 | 62/63 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:30.41±4.35 | 干预组:32.84±2.58 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①②③④⑤⑥ | 4 |
| 对照组:叶酸片200 μg | 对照组:29.54±3.97 | 对照组:33.14±2.11 | ||||||
| Farren等[ | 爱尔兰 | 117/117 | 干预组:叶酸片400 μg+肌肉肌醇片1 100 mg+DCI 27.6 mg | 干预组:31.1±5.1 | 干预组:26.0±5.3 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩ | 5 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:31.5±5.0 | 对照组:26.2±5.5 | ||||||
| Godfrey等[ | 英国、新加坡、新西兰 | 295/290 | 干预组:叶酸片400 μg+肌肉肌醇片4 g | 干预组:30.53±3.4 | 干预组: 23.65(21.16~26.23) | 妊娠前至妊娠结束 | ①④⑤⑥⑧⑨⑩ | 6 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:30.14±3.3 | 对照组: 23.75(21.34~27.50) | ||||||
| Esmaeilzadeh等[ | 伊朗 | 27/29 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:27.8±4.2 | 干预组:27.3±1.8 | 妊娠14~24周至分娩 | ①②③④⑦⑧⑨? | 7 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:29.3±4.4 | 对照组:26.9±1.9 | ||||||
| Amaefule等[ | 英国 | 99/99 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:31.4±5.8 | 干预组:28.2±6.4 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①②③④⑥⑧⑨ | 4 |
| 对照组:无 | 对照组:31.9±5.6 | 对照组:27.9±5.6 | ||||||
| Vitale等[ | 意大利 | 110/113 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:27.18±6.03 | 干预组:27.00±1.49 | 妊娠早期至分娩后3周 | ①④⑤⑥ | 6 |
| 对照组:叶酸片200 μg | 对照组:27.95±4.90 | 对照组:26.68±1.56 | ||||||
| Celetano等[ | 意大利 | 60/40 | 干预组:叶酸片400 μg+肌醇片4 g | 干预组:33.8±4.3 | 干预组:23.8±4.3 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①④⑤⑥⑧⑨⑩? | 4 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:33.9±4.9 | 对照组:24.4±4.1 | ||||||
| Santamaria等[ | 意大利 | 95/102 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:32.1±4.8 | 干预组:26.9±1.3 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩? | 5 |
| 对照组:叶酸片200 μg | 对照组:32.7±5.3 | 对照组:27.1±1.3 | ||||||
| D'Anna等[ | 意大利 | 110/110 | 干预组:叶酸片200 μg+肌肉肌醇片2 g | 干预组:30.9(18~44) | 干预组:33.8(30.0~46.9) | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩? | 5 |
| 对照组:叶酸片200 μg | 对照组:31.7(19~43) | 对照组:33.8(30.0~46.0) | ||||||
| Matarrelli等[ | 意大利 | 35/38 | 干预组:叶酸片400 μg+ 肌肉肌醇片4 g | 干预组:33.0±4.9 | 干预组:23.5±3.4 | 妊娠早期至分娩 | ①④⑤⑥⑩? | 7 |
| 对照组:叶酸片400 μg | 对照组:33.8±4.7 | 对照组:24.7±4.2 |
| 结局指标 | 纳入研究数量(篇) | 异质性检验 | 效应模型 | Meta分析结果 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2(%) | P | MD(95%CI)或OR(95%CI) | P | |||
| 空腹血糖 | 10[ | 57 | 0.010 | 随机 | -2.97(-4.24~-1.70) | <0.001 |
| OGTT 1 h血糖 | 8[ | 80 | <0.001 | 随机 | -6.81(-13.41~-0.22) | 0.040 |
| OGTT 2 h血糖 | 9[ | 81 | <0.001 | 随机 | -6.31(-12.11~-0.52) | 0.030 |
| 空腹血清胰岛素 | 4[ | 10 | 0.340 | 固定 | -1.96(-3.29~-0.63) | 0.004 |
| 妊娠中晚期HOMA-IR | 4[ | 3 | 0.380 | 固定 | -0.44(-0.74~-0.14) | 0.005 |
| 妊娠期高血压疾病发生率 | 7[ | 0 | 0.530 | 固定 | 0.43(0.25~0.74) | 0.002 |
| 巨大儿发生率 | 4[ | 2 | 0.380 | 固定 | 1.09(0.59~2.03) | 0.790 |
| 早产儿发生率 | 7[ | 0 | 0.850 | 固定 | 0.47(0.30~0.72) | <0.001 |
| 新生儿低血糖发生率 | 6[ | 65 | 0.010 | 随机 | 0.45(0.10~2.03) | 0.300 |
| 胰岛素使用率 | 5[ | 0 | 0.640 | 固定 | 0.24(0.11~0.56) | <0.001 |
| 结局指标 | 纳入研究数量(篇) | 异质性检验 | 效应模型 | Meta分析结果 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2(%) | P | MD(95%CI)或OR(95%CI) | P | |||
| 空腹血糖 | 10[ | 57 | 0.010 | 随机 | -2.97(-4.24~-1.70) | <0.001 |
| OGTT 1 h血糖 | 8[ | 80 | <0.001 | 随机 | -6.81(-13.41~-0.22) | 0.040 |
| OGTT 2 h血糖 | 9[ | 81 | <0.001 | 随机 | -6.31(-12.11~-0.52) | 0.030 |
| 空腹血清胰岛素 | 4[ | 10 | 0.340 | 固定 | -1.96(-3.29~-0.63) | 0.004 |
| 妊娠中晚期HOMA-IR | 4[ | 3 | 0.380 | 固定 | -0.44(-0.74~-0.14) | 0.005 |
| 妊娠期高血压疾病发生率 | 7[ | 0 | 0.530 | 固定 | 0.43(0.25~0.74) | 0.002 |
| 巨大儿发生率 | 4[ | 2 | 0.380 | 固定 | 1.09(0.59~2.03) | 0.790 |
| 早产儿发生率 | 7[ | 0 | 0.850 | 固定 | 0.47(0.30~0.72) | <0.001 |
| 新生儿低血糖发生率 | 6[ | 65 | 0.010 | 随机 | 0.45(0.10~2.03) | 0.300 |
| 胰岛素使用率 | 5[ | 0 | 0.640 | 固定 | 0.24(0.11~0.56) | <0.001 |
| 结局指标 | 固定效应模型 | 随机效应模型 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD/OR | 95%CI | MD/OR | 95%CI | |
| GDM发生率 | 0.55 | 0.45~0.68 | 0.36 | 0.18~0.70 |
| 空腹血糖 | -2.43 | -3.07~-1.80 | -2.97 | -4.24~-1.70 |
| OGTT 1 h血糖 | -1.97 | -4.48~0.55 | -6.81 | -13.41~-0.22 |
| OGTT 2 h血糖 | -3.62 | -5.94~-1.29 | -6.31 | -12.11~-0.52 |
| 空腹血清胰岛素 | -1.96 | -3.29~-0.63 | -1.93 | -3.35~-0.51 |
| 妊娠中晚期HOMA-IR | -0.44 | -0.74~-0.14 | -0.44 | -0.74~-0.13 |
| 妊娠期高血压疾病发生率 | 0.43 | 0.25~0.74 | 0.48 | 0.27~0.85 |
| 巨大儿发生率 | 1.09 | 0.59~2.03 | 1.16 | 0.60~2.24 |
| 早产儿发生率 | 0.47 | 0.30~0.72 | 0.48 | 0.31~0.74 |
| 新生儿低血糖发生率 | 0.61 | 0.38~0.98 | 0.45 | 0.10~2.03 |
| 胰岛素使用率 | 0.24 | 0.11~0.56 | 0.28 | 0.12~0.66 |
| 结局指标 | 固定效应模型 | 随机效应模型 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD/OR | 95%CI | MD/OR | 95%CI | |
| GDM发生率 | 0.55 | 0.45~0.68 | 0.36 | 0.18~0.70 |
| 空腹血糖 | -2.43 | -3.07~-1.80 | -2.97 | -4.24~-1.70 |
| OGTT 1 h血糖 | -1.97 | -4.48~0.55 | -6.81 | -13.41~-0.22 |
| OGTT 2 h血糖 | -3.62 | -5.94~-1.29 | -6.31 | -12.11~-0.52 |
| 空腹血清胰岛素 | -1.96 | -3.29~-0.63 | -1.93 | -3.35~-0.51 |
| 妊娠中晚期HOMA-IR | -0.44 | -0.74~-0.14 | -0.44 | -0.74~-0.13 |
| 妊娠期高血压疾病发生率 | 0.43 | 0.25~0.74 | 0.48 | 0.27~0.85 |
| 巨大儿发生率 | 1.09 | 0.59~2.03 | 1.16 | 0.60~2.24 |
| 早产儿发生率 | 0.47 | 0.30~0.72 | 0.48 | 0.31~0.74 |
| 新生儿低血糖发生率 | 0.61 | 0.38~0.98 | 0.45 | 0.10~2.03 |
| 胰岛素使用率 | 0.24 | 0.11~0.56 | 0.28 | 0.12~0.66 |
| 结局指标 | Begg's检验(P) | Egger's检验(P) |
|---|---|---|
| GDM发生率 | 0.858 | 0.086 |
| 空腹血糖 | 0.474 | 0.270 |
| OGTT 1 h血糖 | 0.174 | 0.009 |
| OGTT 2 h血糖 | 0.118 | 0.089 |
| 空腹血清胰岛素 | 0.308 | 0.243 |
| 妊娠中晚期HOMA-IR | 1.000 | 0.471 |
| 妊娠期高血压疾病发生率 | 0.764 | 0.054 |
| 巨大儿发生率 | 0.308 | 0.113 |
| 早产儿发生率 | 0.548 | 0.168 |
| 新生儿低血糖发生率 | 0.452 | 0.635 |
| 胰岛素使用率 | 0.221 | 0.007 |
| 结局指标 | Begg's检验(P) | Egger's检验(P) |
|---|---|---|
| GDM发生率 | 0.858 | 0.086 |
| 空腹血糖 | 0.474 | 0.270 |
| OGTT 1 h血糖 | 0.174 | 0.009 |
| OGTT 2 h血糖 | 0.118 | 0.089 |
| 空腹血清胰岛素 | 0.308 | 0.243 |
| 妊娠中晚期HOMA-IR | 1.000 | 0.471 |
| 妊娠期高血压疾病发生率 | 0.764 | 0.054 |
| 巨大儿发生率 | 0.308 | 0.113 |
| 早产儿发生率 | 0.548 | 0.168 |
| 新生儿低血糖发生率 | 0.452 | 0.635 |
| 胰岛素使用率 | 0.221 | 0.007 |
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