Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology ›› 2026, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 113-116.doi: 10.12280/gjfckx.20250664

• Obstetric Physiology & Obstetric Disease: Original Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Predictive Value of Serum IGF1 and SHBG for Postpartum Glucose Metabolism Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

SONG Jie(), GAO Ya-mei, ZHANG Li-hong   

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qinhuangdao Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2025-06-17 Published:2026-02-15 Online:2026-03-11
  • Contact: SONG Jie E-mail:y3l8e3@sina.com

Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the predictive utility of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) for postpartum glucose metabolism outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: 120 women with GDM in the third trimester (GDM group) and 120 healthy pregnant controls (control group) were recruited between June 2022 and October 2024. According to postpartum glucose status, the GDM cohort was subdivided into an abnormal outcome group (n=48) and a normal outcome group (n=72). Serum IGF1 and SHBG levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Baseline characteristics and biochemical parameters were compared between the GDM and control groups, and between the abnormal and normal outcome subgroups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify determinants of impaired postpartum glucose metabolism. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis assessed the predictive performance of serum IGF1 and SHBG, individually and in combination. Results: Serum IGF1 was higher and SHBG was lower in the GDM group than in the control group (both P<0.05). Women in the abnormal outcome subgroup exhibited higher triglyceride (TG) and IGF1 levels and lower serum SHBG levels compared with the normal outcome subgroup (all P<0.05). Both IGF1 and SHBG were independent predictors of postpartum glucose metabolism impairment (both P<0.05). The combined model of serum IGF1 and SHBG had a higher value in predicting abnormal postpartum glucose metabolism glucose in GDM patients than single indicators alone (both P<0.05). Conclusions: Elevated serum IGF1 and reduced SHBG are associated with abnormal postpartum glucose metabolism in GDM. Their combined measurement offers superior predictive accuracy for identifying women with high risk of persistent glucose dysregulation after delivery.

Key words: Diabetes, gestational, Blood glucose, Insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Forecasting