Abstract: Vaginal birth after cesarean section（VBAC）refers to pregnant women with a history of cesarean section select vaginal delivery to terminate the pregnancy. For a long time，the safety of VBAC is doubted，so most of the pregnant women select repeat cesarean section to terminate the pregnancy. However，over half a century of clinical practice and study，it is known that the main factors of VBAC include cesarean section incision type and suture，the number of cesarean section， the history of vaginal delivery or not，maternal age and weight，fetus weight，multiple pregnancies and whether induction of labor with oxytocin and prostaglandin E2 using in this trial of labor. What′s more，it has confirmed that VBAC is a safe，effective and economical mode of delivery，as long as we strictly keep to VBAC indications，carefully assessing the risk of VBAC for mother and fetus，intensively monitoring and timely handling the abnormalities. The proper application of VBAC will greatly enhance the safety and success rate of VBAC，thus it can reduce the abnormal increase of the rate of cesarean section.

Key words: Cesarean section, Vaginal birth after cesarean, Cesarean section, repeat, Risk factors, Incidence