Abstract: Biofilm is an aggregate of microorganisms adhering to non-biological or biological surfaces，which is formed by matrix consisting of the polysaccharide，protein. Biofilm formation is an important pathogenic factor，because it increases bacterial resistance to antibiotics and anti-host immune defense system and Phagocytosis. As the biofilm bacterial immune system cannot be removed effectively，or cannot be killed by antibiotics，it often becomes chronic and persistent infection. Gardnerella vaginalis biofilm is detected in bacterial vaginosis women's vaginal mucosa or their sexual partners′ urine sediments. Using standard treatment by metronidazole or moxifloxacin，although the clinical symptoms disappear，after stopping treatment the bacterial biofilm mainly consisting of Gardnerella vaginalis will be revived after the biochemical inactivation，leading to recurrent bacterial vaginosis. Lactobacillus competes to become vaginal mucosa microflora，which have a good therapeutic effect of Gardnerella vaginalis in the plankton living and biofilm state. Promoting the growth of lactobacillus flora is beneficial to correct microflora disturbance and restore the normal vaginal environment. Further studies are needed to assess the Gardnerella vaginalis Biofilm structure and composition，which are better to understand the relationship between Gardnerella vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis and maybe provide future targeted therapy.

Key words: Biofilms, Vagina, Vaginosis, bacterial, Gardnerella vaginalis, Therapy