Abstract: Anti-Müllerian hormone （AMH） belongs to the transforming growth factor-β（TGF-β） superfamily，and it plays an important role in male sex differentiation. In women，it is only produced by the granulosa cells（GC） and exerted through specific receptors which are present on the target-organs. AMH level in serum can accurately reflect the size of ovarian follicle pool， so it may be an idea marker of ovarian reserve，and may also be a valuable tool in assisted reproduction technology. More and more investigations show that the elevation of AMH level in serum may be a candidate marker for the diagnosis of granulosa cell tumors and monitor the clinical recurrence of tumor. Moreover，AMH inhibits cell proliferation，invasion and migration of epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines，and it can probably be used as a new drug for chemotherapy in the future.

Key words: Ovary, Gonadal steroid hormones, Reproductive techniques, assisted, Granulosa cell tumor, Ovarian neoplasms