Abstract: Objective： To investigate the static and dynamic morphological changes of bladder and urethral after hysterectomy by ultrasound，and evaluate the anatomical changes. Methods：Grouping 136 cases of hysterectomy patients according to surgical mode and scope of removal，Group A：29 cases of laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy; Group B：41 cases of abdominal hysterectomy; Group C：66 cases of abdominal radical hysterectomy. Control group：50 cases of no pelvic or abdomen surgical operation experience. Apply abdominal and perineal ultrasound inspection to the groups，measuring parameters include UVJ-M，PUVA and bladder post-void residual volume. Results：There were significant changes in the anatomical structure of urinary tract like bladder and urethra in group C cases after surgery, UVJ-M, PUVA-r and PUVA-s had significant differences between group C and control group （Ｐ＜０．０１）. There were changes in the anatomical structure of urinary tract like bladder and urethra in group B cases after surgery, but the degree of change is small compared with group C, UVJ-M had significant changes between group B and control group or group B and group Ｃ （Ｐ＜０．０１）, PUVA-r, PUVA-s had no significant changes between group B and control group （Ｐ＞０．０５）． There were no significant changes in the anatomical structure of urinary tract like bladder and urethra in group A cases after surgery, UVJ-M, PUVA-r and PUVA-s had no significant changes between group A and control group （Ｐ＞０．０５）． Conclusions：①Ultrasound can provide a real time observation for the morphological changes of bladder and urethral after hysterectomy and provide an objective evaluation for the anatomical changes. ②Abdominal radical hysterectomy brings the most significant morphological changes of bladder and urethral compared with the other 2 types of hysterectomy，and there are almost no changes by laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy.

Key words: Laparoscopy, Laparotomy, Hysterectomy, vaginal, Hysterectomy, Ultrasonography