Abstract: The concept of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was first proposed in 1983. Currently，although there is argument in the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of cervical cancer，the potential advantage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is apparent gradually by the development of the operation skills and methods. It can effectively reduce tumor volume，increase the success rate of operation，and it can also delay the delivery until fetal viability has been reached. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is one of the new therapeutic method for locally advanced cervical cancer，advanced cervical cancer and cervical cancer patients during pregnancy. In this essay，the concept，argument，mechanism and the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of cervical cancer were reviewed.

Key words: Uterine cervical neoplasms, Carcinoma, Chemotherapy, Treatment outcome, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy