Abstract: Exosomes are nanometer-sized vesicles with a diameter of 30-100 nm that are released to the outside of the cell during environmental stimulation or cell activation. They can transfer the bioactive substances carried to adjacent or distant cells, resulting in biological effects. They are involved in many physiological processes such as substance transport, information transmission and immunosurveillance, inflammatory reactions, and the occurrence and development of tumors. There is an important role in the pathological process. Exosomes can be secreted by a variety of cells, and exosomes have been extracted in various body fluids such as saliva, urine, ascites, and pleural effusions. The research on exosomes mainly focuses on the relationship between exosomes and tumors, immune regulation and blood diseases. The research in gynecology is still in its infancy, and mainly on gynecological tumors. In recent years, exosomes have also been successfully extracted from the endometrium. Studies have shown that endometrium-derived exosomes have a certain degree in the process of embryo implantation, endometrial cancer, and endometriosis. The role has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of gynecology.

Key words: Endometrium, Cells, Liposomes, Exosomes