Abstract: Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease with chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, coital pain and infertility as the main symptoms, the pathogenesis of which is not yet clear. Studies have shown that abnormal immune responses in the peritoneal microenvironment are essential for attachment, invasion and angiogenesis of ectopic endometrial cells. The growth of ectopic endometrium accumulates a large number of diverse immune cells, triggering a strong inflammatory response in which pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and angiogenesis increase. Almost all types of immune cells exhibit abnormal immune functions in patients with endometriosis, such as T-cell reactivity and natural killer (NK) cell toxicity decreased, B cell polyclonal activation and antibody production increased, the number and activation of peritoneal macrophages increased and changes in inflammatory mediators. Further study on the mechanism of homeostatic imbalance of the immune system mediated by ectopic endometrium and understanding the mechanism of immune escape induced by ectopic endometrium may become the target of new non-hormone therapy，so as to develop a more comprehensive approach to treat EMs.

Key words: Endometriosis, Immunity, innate, Immunity, cellular, Immunity, humoral, Cytokines