Abstract: Objective：To investigate and analyze the vaginal secretion pathogen and ecology correlative factors in infertile patients. Methods：A retrospective survey included 850 infertile women who accepted the hysteroscopy and laparoscopy examination and be treated from Jan 2008 to Dec 2009. Collected history and vaginal secretion before operation. The Nugent grade was used to evaluate the vaginal bacteria. The patients were chosen to two groups，normal bacteria group（307 cases） and abnormal group（543 cases）. The abnormal group was divided into five subgoups that were lactobacillus decreased group（325 cases）， Gram positive bacillus small group（173 cases），bacterial vaginal disease group （26 cases）， flora inhibit group （11 cases） and vulvovaginal candidiasis group（8 cases）. Results： Patients had more than 5 years infertility history，postabortion complication and drug abortion history would get more chance to had abnormal vaginal ecology（P＜0.05）， OR and 95% CI was 1.42（1.07~1.89）, 1.97（1.28~3.05） and 1.51（1.0~2.22） respectively.
Patients that vaginal lactobacillus decreased had the highest incidence of drug abortion history（OR=1.66，95%CI：1.09~2.51）, while the vaginal Gram positive bacillus small group had the highest incidence of postabortion complication（OR=1.86，95%CI：1.13~3.07）. After adjusting age, education and family income, we found that postabortion complication was a risk factor for abnormal vaginal bacteria（OR=2.653，95%CI：1.16~6.07）. Conclusions：Vaginal bleeding for a longer time, hypogastralgia and fever after abortion would increase the risk of abnormal vaginal bacteria. Taking precautions against the postabortion complication would have important clinical meaning for normal vaginal microenvironment protection.

Key words: Vagina, Infertility, female, Lactobacillus, Candidiasis, vulvovaginal, bacterial